Saturday, March 24, 2018

Definisi dan Penerapan Multimedia

Nama : Muhammad Fakhriy Fadhlih
NPM  : 1B415861
Kelas : 4IB03


A. DEFINISI MULTIMEDIA 







        Multimedia berasal daripada kata ‘multi’ dan ‘media’. Multi bererti banyak, dan media bererti tempat, sarana atau alat yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi. Jadi berdasarkan kata ‘multimedia’ dapat dirumuskan sedagai wadah atau penyatuan beberapa media yang kemudian didefinisikan sebagai elemen-elemen pembentukan multimedia. Elemen-elemen tersebut seperti teks, gambar, suara, animasi, dan video. Multimedia merupakan suatu konsep dan teknologi baru bidang teknologi informasi, di mana informasi dalam bentuk teks, gambar, suara, animasi, dan video disatukan dalam computer untuk di simpan, diproses dan disajikan baik secara liner mahupun interaktif.
Oleh karena itu, dengan menggabungkan seluruh elemen multimedia tersebut menjadikan informasi dalam bentuk multimedia yang dapat diterima oleh indera penglihatan dan pendengaran, lebih mendekati bentuk aslinya dalam dunia sebenarnya. Multimedia enteraktif adalah apabila suatu aplikasi terdapat seluruh elemen multimedia yang ada dan pemakai (user) diberi keputusan atau kemampuan untuk mengawal dan menghidupkan elemen-elemen tersebut.

Definisi multimedia menurut para ahli :

1.   Mc.Comick, 1996.
Menurut Mc. Comick, Multimedia merupakan gabungan dari tiga buah elemen penting yang ada di dalamnya yaitu suara, tulisan, dan gambar.

2.   Robin dan Linda, 2001.
Menurut Robin dan Linda, Multimedia adalah sebuah alat yang dapat digunakan sebagai media presentasi yang lebih interaktif dan dinamis dimana dalam media ini penggunanya dapat mengkombinasikan berbagai macam data seperti teks, grafik, video, animasi, dan juga audio.

3.   Hofstekter, 2001.
Menurut Hostekter, Multimedia dalam konteks komputer merupakan pemanfaatan komputer sebagai media untuk membuat dan juga menyatukan data gambar, teks, grafik, dan audio dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak yang memungkinkan penggunanya untuk bisa berkreasi, berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi.

Jenis Multimedia berdasarkan Karakteristiknya :
Dilihat dari karakteristiknya, multimedia dapat dibagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu multimedia linier dan multimedia interaktif.
1.    Multimedia Linier
Multimedia linier merupakan multimedia satu arah, artinya, pengguna multimedia ini hanya bisa mendapatkan informasi saja, tanpa bisa bisa memberikan feedback yang besar (meskipun ada hanya bersifat sekuensial). Contoh dari multimedia ini adalah siaran televisi, film, dll.

2.   Multimedia Interaktif
Berbeda dari multimedia linier, multimedia interaktif menyediakan berbagai kebebasan nafigasi bagi para penggunanya. Pengguna multimedia interaktif dapat memberikan berbagai macam feedback melalui berbagai macam alat kontrol yang disediakan. Contoh dari multimedia ini adalah game, pemutar video, dll.

Tujuan dari penggunaan multimedia :
1  Multimedia dalam penggunaannya dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dari penyampaian suatu informasi.
2  Penggunaan multimedia dalam lingkungan dapat mendorong partisipasi, keterlibatan serta eksplorasi pengguna tersebut.
3. Aplikasi multimedia dapat meransang panca indera, karena dengan penggunaannya multimedia akan meransang beberapa indera penting manusia, seperti : Penglihatan, pendengaran, aksi maupun suara.

B. PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia hampir bisa digunakan pada semua bidang kehidupan manusia, apalagi dengan perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat sekarang ini memungkinkan multimedia selalu hadir dan menjadi kebutuhan setiap orang. Contoh paling dekat adalah televisi, radio, handphone dan komputer.

Penerapan Multimedia Menurut Vaughan (2004, p4), dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia, yaitu dalam :

1.   Bisnis
Aplikasi multimedia dalam bisnis meliputi presentasi, pengajaran, pemasaran, periklanan, demo produk, database, catalog, instant message dan komunikasi jaringan. Tidak ketinggalan video conference, yang memungkinkan adanya tatap muka tanpa harus berada didalam suatu tempat yang sama. Dengan adanya aplikasi multimedia inilah, perusahaan - perusahaan dapat menjalani bisnisnya lebih lancar.

2.   Pendidikan 
Aplikasi multimedia dalam bidang ini mengubah proses belajar mengajar yang konvensional menjadi lebih menarik dan interaktif, sehingga proses belajar – mengajar tidak terlalu monoton seperti selama ini yang dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah pada umumnya. Contohnya seperti aplikasi multimedia untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pada anak – anak. Aplikasi tersebut dapat disisipkan animasi – animasi yang tentunya menarik bagi anak-anak sehingga dapat membantu meningkatkan minat mereka dalam membaca maupun belajar hal lainnya.

3.   Rumah
Aplikasi multimedia dalam rumah sangat beraneka ragam. Contohnya komputer yang menggunakan CD-ROM atau DVD-ROM sebagai alat penyalur multimedia. Terdapat juga mesin-mesin permainan yang menggunakan televisi sebagai penyalur multimedia, seperti : Sega, Nintendo, playstation, x-box, dan sebagainya dimana semua permainannya menggunakan elemen-elemen multimedia.

4.   Tempat  
Aplikasi multimedia di tempat-tempat umum dapat berupa kios informasi seperti yang terdapat pada hotel-hotel, pusat perbelanjaan, museum, pusat hiburan dan sebagainya. Aplikasi-aplikasi tersebut dapat berguna untuk memberikan informasi-informasi dan bantuan mengenai tempat yang bersangkutan. Misalnya kios informasi pada pusat hiburan yang memberikan letak-letak suatu toko atau sarana hiburan yang terdapat didalam cakupan wilayah kios informasi tersebut. Melihat pernyataan tersebut, kita hanya bisa mengatakan bahwa Multimedia adalah sebuah kebutuhan yang memberikan banyak keuntungan pada semua kegiatan sehari-hari. Hampir semua bidang menggunakan multimedia seperti :

·        Multimedia dalam bisnis (Company Profile,Presentasi Bisnis,Simulasi atau demonstrasi produk, dll.)

·        Multimedia dalam pendidikan (Media pembelajaran, Simulasi keilmuan seperti menunjukkan benda kecil, planet, angin, hujan dll.)

·        Multimedia dalam bidang kesehatan (Simulasi anggota tubuh seperti otak, usus, paru-paru, dll.)

·        Multimedia dalam bidang keagamaan (Ceramah agama di televisi dan radio,Quran digital dengan gambar dan suara,Doa dengan gambar dan suara, dll.)

Selain Penerapan multimedia yang telah disebutkan diatas, penerapan multimedia dapat juga diterapkan antara lain:

1.   Kios Informasi
Penerapan multimedia pada kios informasi berfungsi untuk menyampaikan informasi secara elektronik dengan menggabungkan unsur video, suara, dan animasi dengan tujuan agar penyampaian informasi menjadi lebih menarik bagi pengunjung, yang biasanya ditempatkan pada saat pameran dan di mal-mal tertentu.

2.   CD interaktif profil perusahaan
Merupakan informasi profil perusahaan dalam bentuk CD yang interaktif ataupun demo produk dari perusahaan dengan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi komputer.

3.   CD perangkat ajar berbasis multimedia
Merupakan perangkat ajar dalam bentuk CD yang menjadi keuntungan dalam bidang pendidikan. Dengan adanya perangkat ajar berbasis multimedia ini, maka presentasi pelajaran yang berbasis teks semata menjadi lebih hidup dengan adanya penambahan fitur animasi dan musik latar belakang. Diharapkan pelajaran melalui perangkat ajar multimedia ini yang lebih interaktif dapat lebih efektif seperti: Menambah ingatan lebih cepat, mengurangi biaya dan waktu.

4.   Permainan
Permainan pada saat ini yang menerapkan multimedia, khususnya berbasis tiga dimensi menjadikan permainan menjadi lebih hidup dan nyata dan membuat pemain yang memainkannya mngikuti alur cerita dan mengikuti setiap tingkatan permainan dengan baik.
 
5.   Situs web
Penerapan multimedia pada situs web menjadikan situs web menjadi lebih kaya dengan penambahan musik latar belakang, animasi dan video, daripada situs web yang hanya memiliki teks semata. Kelebihan penerapan multimedia pada situs web ini, pengunjung akan lebih tertarik untuk melihat isi dari situs web multimedia ini.








Source : 

https://pengertiandefinisi.com/pengertian-multimedia-dan-jenis-multimedia/

http://betterteachers.weebly.com/definisi-multimedia.html

http://dwiasihrahaayu.blogspot.co.id/2013/11/penerapan-multimedia-di-berbagai-bidang.html

https://panggonsinau.wordpress.com/2012/08/28/definisi-multimedia/

https://agungborn91.wordpress.com/2013/03/16/konsep-dasar-multimedia/





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